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prepulse inhibition test prepulse inhibition ppi  (Med Associates Inc)


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    Med Associates Inc prepulse inhibition test prepulse inhibition ppi
    Prepulse Inhibition Test Prepulse Inhibition Ppi, supplied by Med Associates Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 50 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/prepulse+inhibition+ppi/Pre-Pulse+Inhibition+Startle+Protocol/10__1016_slash_j__heares__2025__109484-72-0-13
    Average 96 stars, based on 50 article reviews
    prepulse inhibition test prepulse inhibition ppi - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    96/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Inhibition:

    Article Title: Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule-Secreting Transgenic Mice Display Abnormalities in GABAergic Interneurons and Alterations in Behavior
    Article Snippet: .. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle was measured in a Med Associates (St. Albans, VT) apparatus in the presence of a 64 dB white-noise background. ..

    Article Title: NMDA receptor dependence of reversal learning and the flexible use of cognitively demanding search strategies in mice.
    Article Snippet: Cognitive flexibility helps organisms to respond adaptively to environmental changes.. Deficits in this executive function have been associated with a variety of brain disorders, and it has been shown to rely on various concomitant neurobiological mechanisms.. However, the involvement of the glutamatergic system in general, and NMDA receptors in particular, has been debated.

    Article Title: Identification of a glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor that attenuates hyperactivity in CLOCK mutant mice.
    Article Snippet: .. Mice were administered either water vehicle, 3 a (3 or 10 mg kg 1), or valproate (400 mg kg 1), and placed into individual holding cages for 5 min. Mice were then injected with amphetamine, amphetamine + chlordiazepoxide (CDP) (amphetamine: 4 mg kg 1; CDP: 2.5 mg kg 1), or vehicle (water) and placed in the open field for a period of 60 min. Prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response procedure : Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response was measured in the startle reflex system (Med Associates Inc.). ..

    Article Title: Enhanced dopamine function in DISC1-L100P mutant mice: implications for schizophrenia
    Article Snippet: .. Prepulse Inhibition PPI was tested using four sound-attenuating chambers (ENV-022s; MED Associates, St. Albans, VT, USA), as described previously (Lipina et al. 2005). ..

    Article Title: Reduced expression of the NMDA receptor-interacting protein SynGAP causes behavioral abnormalities that model symptoms of Schizophrenia.
    Article Snippet: .. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle responses was measured using the Med Associates System (Med Associates). ..

    Article Title: A20/TNFAIP3 heterozygosity predisposes to behavioral symptoms in a mouse model for neuropsychiatric lupus
    Article Snippet: .. Disease-associated phenotypes: Startle reactivity and prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex were measured using a Med Associates acoustic startle box (St. Albans, VT, USA) as described previously (Naert et al., 2011b). .. Mice were restrained in a cubicle (ENV-406SM-8) that was mounted on a motion-sensitive platform located inside a sound-attenuating box and connected to Med Associates Startle Reflex software (v5.01).

    Article Title: Brain Activity Mapping in Mecp2 Mutant Mice Reveals Functional Deficits in Forebrain Circuits, Including Key Nodes in the Default Mode Network, that are Reversed with Ketamine Treatment
    Article Snippet: .. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response (ASR) was measured to assess sensorimotor gating function using Med Associates Startle Response recording system. ..

    Protein-Protein interactions:

    Article Title: Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule-Secreting Transgenic Mice Display Abnormalities in GABAergic Interneurons and Alterations in Behavior
    Article Snippet: .. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle was measured in a Med Associates (St. Albans, VT) apparatus in the presence of a 64 dB white-noise background. ..

    Article Title: NMDA receptor dependence of reversal learning and the flexible use of cognitively demanding search strategies in mice.
    Article Snippet: Cognitive flexibility helps organisms to respond adaptively to environmental changes.. Deficits in this executive function have been associated with a variety of brain disorders, and it has been shown to rely on various concomitant neurobiological mechanisms.. However, the involvement of the glutamatergic system in general, and NMDA receptors in particular, has been debated.

    Article Title: Identification of a glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor that attenuates hyperactivity in CLOCK mutant mice.
    Article Snippet: .. Mice were administered either water vehicle, 3 a (3 or 10 mg kg 1), or valproate (400 mg kg 1), and placed into individual holding cages for 5 min. Mice were then injected with amphetamine, amphetamine + chlordiazepoxide (CDP) (amphetamine: 4 mg kg 1; CDP: 2.5 mg kg 1), or vehicle (water) and placed in the open field for a period of 60 min. Prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response procedure : Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response was measured in the startle reflex system (Med Associates Inc.). ..

    Article Title: Enhanced dopamine function in DISC1-L100P mutant mice: implications for schizophrenia
    Article Snippet: .. Prepulse Inhibition PPI was tested using four sound-attenuating chambers (ENV-022s; MED Associates, St. Albans, VT, USA), as described previously (Lipina et al. 2005). ..

    Article Title: Reduced expression of the NMDA receptor-interacting protein SynGAP causes behavioral abnormalities that model symptoms of Schizophrenia.
    Article Snippet: .. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle responses was measured using the Med Associates System (Med Associates). ..

    Article Title: A20/TNFAIP3 heterozygosity predisposes to behavioral symptoms in a mouse model for neuropsychiatric lupus
    Article Snippet: .. Disease-associated phenotypes: Startle reactivity and prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex were measured using a Med Associates acoustic startle box (St. Albans, VT, USA) as described previously (Naert et al., 2011b). .. Mice were restrained in a cubicle (ENV-406SM-8) that was mounted on a motion-sensitive platform located inside a sound-attenuating box and connected to Med Associates Startle Reflex software (v5.01).

    Article Title: Brain Activity Mapping in Mecp2 Mutant Mice Reveals Functional Deficits in Forebrain Circuits, Including Key Nodes in the Default Mode Network, that are Reversed with Ketamine Treatment
    Article Snippet: .. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response (ASR) was measured to assess sensorimotor gating function using Med Associates Startle Response recording system. ..

    Mouse Assay:

    Article Title: Identification of a glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor that attenuates hyperactivity in CLOCK mutant mice.
    Article Snippet: .. Mice were administered either water vehicle, 3 a (3 or 10 mg kg 1), or valproate (400 mg kg 1), and placed into individual holding cages for 5 min. Mice were then injected with amphetamine, amphetamine + chlordiazepoxide (CDP) (amphetamine: 4 mg kg 1; CDP: 2.5 mg kg 1), or vehicle (water) and placed in the open field for a period of 60 min. Prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response procedure : Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response was measured in the startle reflex system (Med Associates Inc.). ..

    Injection:

    Article Title: Identification of a glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor that attenuates hyperactivity in CLOCK mutant mice.
    Article Snippet: .. Mice were administered either water vehicle, 3 a (3 or 10 mg kg 1), or valproate (400 mg kg 1), and placed into individual holding cages for 5 min. Mice were then injected with amphetamine, amphetamine + chlordiazepoxide (CDP) (amphetamine: 4 mg kg 1; CDP: 2.5 mg kg 1), or vehicle (water) and placed in the open field for a period of 60 min. Prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response procedure : Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response was measured in the startle reflex system (Med Associates Inc.). ..



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    Timeline of the behavioral tests. Each animal completed all behavioral tests, except for Phenotyper that was performed only for a subset of animals: Phenotyper—myoclonus detection; CatWalk—walking pattern (coordination), speed of walk; Startle—startle response, <t>prepulse</t> <t>inhibition;</t> Beam walk—coordination; Elevated plus maze—hyperactivity, speed of walk; Grip strength—strength.
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    Timeline of the behavioral tests. Each animal completed all behavioral tests, except for Phenotyper that was performed only for a subset of animals: Phenotyper—myoclonus detection; CatWalk—walking pattern (coordination), speed of walk; Startle—startle response, <t>prepulse</t> <t>inhibition;</t> Beam walk—coordination; Elevated plus maze—hyperactivity, speed of walk; Grip strength—strength.
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    Fig. 3. Effects of HU-910 pretreatment on MK-801 and amphetamine-induced <t>PPI</t> disruption. (A) The disruptive effect of MK-801 treatment (0.25 mg/kg) in the PPI was attenuated by HU-910 (30 mg/kg) in all <t>prepulse</t> intensities. *p < 0.05 compared to vehicle+saline group (n = 9/group). (B) The startle response amplitude (pulse-only trials, arbitrary units, AU) was not modified by any treatment (C). Effect of HU-910 pretreatment on amphetamine-induced PPI disruption. The disruptive effect of amphetamine treatment (5 mg/kg) in the PPI was attenuated by HU-910 treatment at all doses tested on 80 dB prepulse intensity. On 85 dB and 90 dB prepulse intensities, HU-910 pretreatment attenuated PPI disruption only ate the dose of 3 mg/kg *p < 0.05 compared to vehicle+saline group (n = 10/group). (D) The startle response amplitude (pulse-only trials, arbitrary units, AU) was not modified by any treatment. Repeated-measures ANOVA followed by Turkey's test.
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    Fig. 3. Effects of HU-910 pretreatment on MK-801 and amphetamine-induced <t>PPI</t> disruption. (A) The disruptive effect of MK-801 treatment (0.25 mg/kg) in the PPI was attenuated by HU-910 (30 mg/kg) in all <t>prepulse</t> intensities. *p < 0.05 compared to vehicle+saline group (n = 9/group). (B) The startle response amplitude (pulse-only trials, arbitrary units, AU) was not modified by any treatment (C). Effect of HU-910 pretreatment on amphetamine-induced PPI disruption. The disruptive effect of amphetamine treatment (5 mg/kg) in the PPI was attenuated by HU-910 treatment at all doses tested on 80 dB prepulse intensity. On 85 dB and 90 dB prepulse intensities, HU-910 pretreatment attenuated PPI disruption only ate the dose of 3 mg/kg *p < 0.05 compared to vehicle+saline group (n = 10/group). (D) The startle response amplitude (pulse-only trials, arbitrary units, AU) was not modified by any treatment. Repeated-measures ANOVA followed by Turkey's test.
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    Fig. 3. Behavioral phenotypes observed in A20þ/ female mice aggravate after immune challenge. (A) Overall spontaneous activity and; (B) activity during the dark period of female A20þ/ mice are significantly lower in comparison to wildtype littermates; (C) A20þ/ female mice display an anxiety-related phenotype as is evidenced from the open field experiment where they spent significantly less time in the center and; (D) more time in the periphery in comparison to wildtype littermates; (E) A normal startle response was observed in both genotypes, however; (F) A20þ/ female animals showed significantly higher startle reactivity when a <t>prepulse</t> was preceding the original startle tone. This is indicative for a sensorimotor gating impairment. Data are represented as meanSEMs and statistical differences were determined using repeated-measures two-way ANOVA using Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test for post hoc analysis (A, F), unpaired t-test (B, C, E), Mann Whitney test (D) and two-way ANOVA using Sidak’s multiple comparisons test for post hoc analysis (F); (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01).
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    Image Search Results


    Timeline of the behavioral tests. Each animal completed all behavioral tests, except for Phenotyper that was performed only for a subset of animals: Phenotyper—myoclonus detection; CatWalk—walking pattern (coordination), speed of walk; Startle—startle response, prepulse inhibition; Beam walk—coordination; Elevated plus maze—hyperactivity, speed of walk; Grip strength—strength.

    Journal: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

    Article Title: In depth behavioral phenotyping unravels complex motor disturbances in Cstb −/− mouse, a model for progressive myoclonus epilepsy type 1

    doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1325051

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Timeline of the behavioral tests. Each animal completed all behavioral tests, except for Phenotyper that was performed only for a subset of animals: Phenotyper—myoclonus detection; CatWalk—walking pattern (coordination), speed of walk; Startle—startle response, prepulse inhibition; Beam walk—coordination; Elevated plus maze—hyperactivity, speed of walk; Grip strength—strength.

    Article Snippet: Startle response and prepulse inhibition (PPI) tests were performed using Startle Response (TSE Systems) operating on Startle Response/PPI Version 03.00 software.

    Techniques: Inhibition

    Cstb −/− mice show progressive myoclonus and altered startle response. (A) Myoclonic events were detected in PhenoTyper cages for a period of 3 h at 1.5, 3, and 6 months of age. (B) Progression of myoclonic events from 1.5 to 6 months of age in individual animals (see for separate graphs of Cstb −/− mice). (C) Cstb −/− mice show reduced startle response to 100 dB noise at 3, 5, and 6 months of age compared to the wild type ( wt ) mice. (D–F) Prepulse inhibition (PPI) at 69, 73, and 77 dB prepulse intensities is decreased in Cstb −/− mice at the age of 3 (D) , 5 (E) , and 6 (F) months. Data are presented as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001, N = 12 for (A,B) , N = 15–16 for (C–F) .

    Journal: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

    Article Title: In depth behavioral phenotyping unravels complex motor disturbances in Cstb −/− mouse, a model for progressive myoclonus epilepsy type 1

    doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1325051

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Cstb −/− mice show progressive myoclonus and altered startle response. (A) Myoclonic events were detected in PhenoTyper cages for a period of 3 h at 1.5, 3, and 6 months of age. (B) Progression of myoclonic events from 1.5 to 6 months of age in individual animals (see for separate graphs of Cstb −/− mice). (C) Cstb −/− mice show reduced startle response to 100 dB noise at 3, 5, and 6 months of age compared to the wild type ( wt ) mice. (D–F) Prepulse inhibition (PPI) at 69, 73, and 77 dB prepulse intensities is decreased in Cstb −/− mice at the age of 3 (D) , 5 (E) , and 6 (F) months. Data are presented as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001, N = 12 for (A,B) , N = 15–16 for (C–F) .

    Article Snippet: Startle response and prepulse inhibition (PPI) tests were performed using Startle Response (TSE Systems) operating on Startle Response/PPI Version 03.00 software.

    Techniques: Inhibition

    Comparison of the symptoms in EPM1 patients and in Cstb −/− mice.

    Journal: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

    Article Title: In depth behavioral phenotyping unravels complex motor disturbances in Cstb −/− mouse, a model for progressive myoclonus epilepsy type 1

    doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1325051

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of the symptoms in EPM1 patients and in Cstb −/− mice.

    Article Snippet: Startle response and prepulse inhibition (PPI) tests were performed using Startle Response (TSE Systems) operating on Startle Response/PPI Version 03.00 software.

    Techniques: Comparison, Inhibition

    Fig. 3. Effects of HU-910 pretreatment on MK-801 and amphetamine-induced PPI disruption. (A) The disruptive effect of MK-801 treatment (0.25 mg/kg) in the PPI was attenuated by HU-910 (30 mg/kg) in all prepulse intensities. *p < 0.05 compared to vehicle+saline group (n = 9/group). (B) The startle response amplitude (pulse-only trials, arbitrary units, AU) was not modified by any treatment (C). Effect of HU-910 pretreatment on amphetamine-induced PPI disruption. The disruptive effect of amphetamine treatment (5 mg/kg) in the PPI was attenuated by HU-910 treatment at all doses tested on 80 dB prepulse intensity. On 85 dB and 90 dB prepulse intensities, HU-910 pretreatment attenuated PPI disruption only ate the dose of 3 mg/kg *p < 0.05 compared to vehicle+saline group (n = 10/group). (D) The startle response amplitude (pulse-only trials, arbitrary units, AU) was not modified by any treatment. Repeated-measures ANOVA followed by Turkey's test.

    Journal: Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry

    Article Title: HU-910, a CB2 receptor agonist, reverses behavioral changes in pharmacological rodent models for schizophrenia.

    doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110553

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3. Effects of HU-910 pretreatment on MK-801 and amphetamine-induced PPI disruption. (A) The disruptive effect of MK-801 treatment (0.25 mg/kg) in the PPI was attenuated by HU-910 (30 mg/kg) in all prepulse intensities. *p < 0.05 compared to vehicle+saline group (n = 9/group). (B) The startle response amplitude (pulse-only trials, arbitrary units, AU) was not modified by any treatment (C). Effect of HU-910 pretreatment on amphetamine-induced PPI disruption. The disruptive effect of amphetamine treatment (5 mg/kg) in the PPI was attenuated by HU-910 treatment at all doses tested on 80 dB prepulse intensity. On 85 dB and 90 dB prepulse intensities, HU-910 pretreatment attenuated PPI disruption only ate the dose of 3 mg/kg *p < 0.05 compared to vehicle+saline group (n = 10/group). (D) The startle response amplitude (pulse-only trials, arbitrary units, AU) was not modified by any treatment. Repeated-measures ANOVA followed by Turkey's test.

    Article Snippet: The prepulse inhibition (PPI) test was performed simultaneously on two identical startle response systems (Med Associates, USA) with a constant 65 dB background noise.

    Techniques: Disruption, Saline, Modification

    Fig. 3. Behavioral phenotypes observed in A20þ/ female mice aggravate after immune challenge. (A) Overall spontaneous activity and; (B) activity during the dark period of female A20þ/ mice are significantly lower in comparison to wildtype littermates; (C) A20þ/ female mice display an anxiety-related phenotype as is evidenced from the open field experiment where they spent significantly less time in the center and; (D) more time in the periphery in comparison to wildtype littermates; (E) A normal startle response was observed in both genotypes, however; (F) A20þ/ female animals showed significantly higher startle reactivity when a prepulse was preceding the original startle tone. This is indicative for a sensorimotor gating impairment. Data are represented as meanSEMs and statistical differences were determined using repeated-measures two-way ANOVA using Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test for post hoc analysis (A, F), unpaired t-test (B, C, E), Mann Whitney test (D) and two-way ANOVA using Sidak’s multiple comparisons test for post hoc analysis (F); (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01).

    Journal: Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

    Article Title: A20/TNFAIP3 heterozygosity predisposes to behavioral symptoms in a mouse model for neuropsychiatric lupus

    doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2019.100018

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3. Behavioral phenotypes observed in A20þ/ female mice aggravate after immune challenge. (A) Overall spontaneous activity and; (B) activity during the dark period of female A20þ/ mice are significantly lower in comparison to wildtype littermates; (C) A20þ/ female mice display an anxiety-related phenotype as is evidenced from the open field experiment where they spent significantly less time in the center and; (D) more time in the periphery in comparison to wildtype littermates; (E) A normal startle response was observed in both genotypes, however; (F) A20þ/ female animals showed significantly higher startle reactivity when a prepulse was preceding the original startle tone. This is indicative for a sensorimotor gating impairment. Data are represented as meanSEMs and statistical differences were determined using repeated-measures two-way ANOVA using Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test for post hoc analysis (A, F), unpaired t-test (B, C, E), Mann Whitney test (D) and two-way ANOVA using Sidak’s multiple comparisons test for post hoc analysis (F); (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01).

    Article Snippet: Disease-associated phenotypes: Startle reactivity and prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex were measured using a Med Associates acoustic startle box (St. Albans, VT, USA) as described previously (Naert et al., 2011b).

    Techniques: Activity Assay, Comparison, MANN-WHITNEY